{"id":210,"date":"2021-08-08T10:51:02","date_gmt":"2021-08-08T10:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/?p=210"},"modified":"2022-08-08T21:31:18","modified_gmt":"2022-08-08T21:31:18","slug":"fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/","title":{"rendered":"Fungal nail infection: Overview, Causes, Types &#038; Treatment &#8211; Medinaz"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><meta charset=\"utf-8\">Fungal nail infection is a common infection of the fingernails or toenails<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fungi are everywhere. Sometimes, they are too small to see with the naked eye but they are normally present in our body throughout our life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, anyone can be affected with fungal disease when fungus begins to overgrow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fungal nail infections are common infections of the fingernails or toenails. In this, the nail becomes discoloured, thick, and more likely to crack and break. Infections are more common in toenails than fingernails.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The medical name for a fungal nail infection is \u201c<strong>onychomycosis<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_55 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d7141395127\"><span class=\"\"><span style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d7141395127\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#What_are_the_signs_and_symptoms_of_Fungal_nail_infection\" title=\"What are the signs and symptoms of Fungal nail infection?\">What are the signs and symptoms of Fungal nail infection?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#What_are_the_causative_agents_for_fungal_nail_infection\" title=\"What are the causative agents for fungal nail infection?\">What are the causative agents for fungal nail infection?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#What_are_the_common_types_of_nail_fungus\" title=\"What are the common types of nail fungus?\">What are the common types of nail fungus?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Distal_and_lateral_subungual_onychomycosis\" title=\"Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis\">Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Proximal_subungual_onychomycosis\" title=\"Proximal subungual onychomycosis\">Proximal subungual onychomycosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Superficial_white_onychomycosis\" title=\"Superficial white onychomycosis\">Superficial white onychomycosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Totally_dystrophic_onychomycosis\" title=\"Totally dystrophic onychomycosis\">Totally dystrophic onychomycosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Candidal_paronychia\" title=\"Candidal paronychia\">Candidal paronychia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Who_can_get_fungal_nail_infections\" title=\"Who can get fungal nail infections?\">Who can get fungal nail infections?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#Diagnosis_of_nail_fungus\" title=\"Diagnosis of nail fungus\">Diagnosis of nail fungus<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#How_to_treat_nail_fungal_infection\" title=\"How to treat nail fungal infection?\">How to treat nail fungal infection?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/#How_to_prevent_fungal_nail_infection\" title=\"How to prevent fungal nail infection?\">How to prevent fungal nail infection?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_signs_and_symptoms_of_Fungal_nail_infection\"><\/span>What are the signs and symptoms of Fungal nail infection?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One should be watchful of the following symptoms that are can be commonly seen in fungal nail infections:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li>Yellow, brown, or white spot or discolouration of your nails<\/li><li>Thickened nail<\/li><li>Fragile, or cracked<\/li><li>Foul smell from the infected nail<\/li><li>Distorted in shape<\/li><li>Tunneling under the nail plate<\/li><li>Fungal nail infection is usually painless unless it becomes severe<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>If the infection is mild and is not causing you any pain then you may not need treatment. However, if you start experiencing pain then self-hygiene and anti-fungal medications may help in treating it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fungal skin infection on the foot, especially between the toes is called \u201c<strong>athlete\u2019s foot<\/strong>&#8221; or <strong>tinea pedis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_causative_agents_for_fungal_nail_infection\"><\/span>What are the causative agents for fungal nail infection?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many different types of fungi like yeast or molds that live in the environment can cause fungal nail infections. The germs can enter your nail through some small cracks or the surrounding skin and cause an infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_common_types_of_nail_fungus\"><\/span>What are the common types of nail fungus?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Distal_and_lateral_subungual_onychomycosis\"><\/span>Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It is the most common type of fungal nail infection and can develop in both fingernails and toenails. Nail plate and nail bed both are involved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Outer edge of the nail appears to be jagged with white and\/or yellow streaks across the nail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proximal_subungual_onychomycosis\"><\/span>Proximal subungual onychomycosis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It is an uncommon type but can affect both fingernails and toenails. It also affects both nail plate and nail bed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yellow spots appear at the base of the nail from where the infection spreads upward<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is more common in people with <strong>weak immune system<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Superficial_white_onychomycosis\"><\/span>Superficial white onychomycosis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Only the superficial part of the nail plate is involved, there is no nail bed involvement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The nail may become rough, pitted, soft and prone to crumbling<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is more common in people with <strong>weak immune system<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Totally_dystrophic_onychomycosis\"><\/span>Totally dystrophic onychomycosis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In this type complete destruction of nail is seen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Candidal_paronychia\"><\/span>Candidal paronychia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Presents as redness, edema, and tenderness of the proximal nail folds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thickening and discoloration of the nail plate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Separation of proximal nail fold from the nail plate may occur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Types-of-nail-fungal-infection-2.jpg\" alt=\"Onychomycosis types\" class=\"wp-image-212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Types-of-nail-fungal-infection-2.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Types-of-nail-fungal-infection-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Types-of-nail-fungal-infection-2-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Types of nail fungal infection<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_can_get_fungal_nail_infections\"><\/span>Who can get fungal nail infections?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Anyone can get a fungal nail infection. Some people are more likely than others to get a fungal nail infection including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Older adults or over age 65 because the nails thicken as we age and the nail growth slows down.<\/li><li>A nail injury or nail surgery<\/li><li>Moist fingers or toes for an extended time<\/li><li>Those who have Diabetes<\/li><li>A weakened immune system<\/li><li>Blood circulation problems<\/li><li>Athlete\u2019s foot (ringworm on the foot) do spread from person to person among families and probably others sharing close quarters.<\/li><li>Walking barefoot in damp areas<\/li><li>Those who wear closed-toe shoes for longer duration leading to heavy sweating and moist environment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diagnosis_of_nail_fungus\"><\/span>Diagnosis of nail fungus<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Your healthcare provider may diagnose a fungal nail infection by looking at the affected nail and asking questions about your symptoms. He or she may also take a nail clipping to look at under a microscope or send to a laboratory for a fungal culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diagnosis can be made by visual inspection alone. However, laboratory tests may be needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Microscopy:&nbsp;<\/strong>Potassium hydroxide (KOH) stain is a commonly-used method because it is inexpensive and easy to perform. Nail clippings or scrapings are placed in a drop of KOH and examined under a microscope for the presence of fungal elements.&nbsp;Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining can also be used.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Culture:<\/strong>&nbsp;Fungal culture on Sabouraud\u2019s medium or dermatophyte test medium (DTM) can be used to identify the infecting organism<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_treat_nail_fungal_infection\"><\/span>How to treat nail fungal infection?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fungal nail infections can be difficult to cure, and they typically don\u2019t go away without antifungal treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The best treatment for a fungal nail infection is usually prescription antifungal pills taken by mouth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oral terbinafine is considered to be the first-line treatment for confirmed onychomycosis; the treatment course is generally 6 weeks for fingernails and 12 weeks for toenails<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other medicines can be used like:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Itraconazole<\/li><li>Fluconazole<\/li><li>Griseofulvin<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Topical antifungal agents can be used but are often ineffective<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In severe cases, a doctor might remove the nail completely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Laser treatments for onychomycosis appear to be a promising&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It can take several months to a year for the infection to go away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_prevent_fungal_nail_infection\"><\/span>How to prevent fungal nail infection?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow some simple lifestyle changes and good personal hygiene to prevent fungal nail infections:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li>Keep your hands and feet clean and dry. Wash your hands and feet immediately after touching infected nails.<\/li><li>Clip your fingernails and toenails short and keep them clean.<\/li><li>Don\u2019t walk barefoot in areas like locker rooms or public showers.<\/li><li>Wear breathable socks that will absorb the moisture, keeping your feet cool and dry.<\/li><li>Don\u2019t share nail clippers with other people.<\/li><li>When visiting a nail salon, choose a salon that is clean. Make sure the salon sterilizes its instruments (nail clippers, scissors, etc.) after each use, or, you can bring your own.<\/li><li>Avoid using nail polish or use of artificial nails.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#d2f2ff\">If you\u2019re prone to excessive moisture around your fingernails or toenails, consider buying:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3yDHl2k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Antifungal powders and sprays<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3ivIjrN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Moisture-wicking socks<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3lJFy8g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Manicure or pedicure set of your own<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fungal nail infection is a common infection of the fingernails or toenails Fungi are everywhere. Sometimes, they are too small to see with the naked eye but they are normally present in our body throughout our life. However, anyone can be affected with fungal disease when fungus begins to overgrow. Fungal nail infections are common<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":271,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[5,58],"tags":[59,60],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Untitled_Artwork-18.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Medinaz Academy","author_link":"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/author\/medinaz-blog-admin\/"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fungal nail infection: Overview, Causes, Types &amp; Treatment - Medinaz - Medinaz Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Fungal nail infection also called Onychomycosis is a common infection of the fingernails or toenails that can cause discolored, brittle, cracked nails\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medinaz.com\/blog\/2021\/08\/08\/fungal-nail-infection-overview-causes-types-treatment-medinaz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fungal nail infection: Overview, Causes, Types &amp; Treatment - 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